2. Shares:- Shares, also known as stocks or equities, represent a unit of ownership in a company. When a company sells shares of stock, it is selling a small piece of ownership in the company to investors. Investors who buy shares become part-owners of the company and are entitled to a portion of the company’s profits and assets. The value of a share is determined by supply and demand in the market, and can fluctuate based on a variety of factors, such as the company’s performance and overall economic conditions.